Constitutional Court Standoff

Last updated: June 11, 2026

After coming to power through the so-called Velvet Revolution in 2018, Nikol Pashinyan moved to reshape Armenia’s judiciary, arguing it remained under the influence of the former ruling establishment. What began as a clash over judicial independence escalated into a comprehensive dismantling of the Constitutional Court as an independent institution, revealing how anti-corruption rhetoric could become a tool for executive consolidation.

The Initial Confrontation (2019)

The crisis centered on judges appointed during the tenures of Serzh Sargsyan and Robert Kocharyan . In May 2019, after the Constitutional Court suspended a trial of Kocharyan on charges of allegedly overthrowing the constitutional order during the 2008 post-election crackdown, Pashinyan called for “mandatory” vetting of judges, characterizing the judiciary—and the Constitutional Court in particular—as a remnant of the “former corrupt regime.” When the Constitutional Court ruled favorably on Kocharyan’s appeals in September 2019, Pashinyan’s parliamentary allies escalated. In October 2019, the My Step Alliance-controlled parliament formally requested the dismissal of Constitutional Court Chair Hrayr Tovmasyan, who had resisted government pressure.

Legislative Ousters (2020)

Pashinyan’s administration initially scheduled a constitutional referendum for April 5, 2020, asking voters to mandate the resignation of the contested judges. The COVID-19 pandemic indefinitely postponed the vote. With the referendum off the table, the government pursued a legislative path: on June 22, 2020, the My Step parliamentary faction bypassed the referendum entirely and passed constitutional amendments directly.

The June 2020 amendments immediately dismissed three judges who had served more than 12 years: Alvina Gyulumyan, Hrant Nazaryan, and Felix Tokhyan. Hrayr Tovmasyan was demoted from his role as Chair, though he remained an ordinary judge. The amendments were adopted just days before Azerbaijan launched the 44-Day War , leaving the political and constitutional fallout largely unexamined.

By September 2020, parliament elected three new judges to fill the vacancies: Yervand Khundkaryan, Arthur Vagharshyan, and Edgar Shatiryan. In October 2020, Arman Dilanyan was elected as the new President (Chair) of the Court. The institutional transformation was underway.

Consolidation of Power (2021–2026)

The pace of change accelerated after May 2021, when the My Step Alliance was dissolved; Civil Contract proceeded to run independently in the June snap elections and won a decisive majority. The party now had unfettered control to reshape the court.

By September 2024, the government moved against Tovmasyan himself, convicting the former chair of abuse of power. Though he was exempt from sentencing due to the statute of limitations, the prosecution was symbolic: resistance to judicial capture would be punished. In March 2026, parliament appointed former Civil Contract MP Vladimir Vardanyan to the Court. This appointment marked the final step in the transition. As of mid-2026, every sitting judge on the Constitutional Court has been appointed under the Civil Contract government.

Current Court Makeup (as of June 2026)

The court is now composed entirely of post-Velvet Revolution appointees:

  • Arman Dilanyan (President)
  • Yervand Khundkaryan
  • Arthur Vagharshyan
  • Edgar Shatiryan
  • Artak Zeynalyan
  • Davit Khachaturyan
  • Hovakim Hovakimyan
  • Seda Safaryan
  • Vladimir Vardanyan

Weaponization of Anti-Corruption

The Constitutional Court standoff exemplified how anti-corruption rhetoric masked executive consolidation. Pashinyan’s framing of judicial independence as a problem to be “reformed” rather than protected transformed the court from a check on executive power into an instrument of executive will. The dismissals, forced retirements, strategic appointments, and symbolic prosecution of Tovmasyan illustrated a consistent pattern: judicial independence would not be tolerated when it contradicted government interests. The systematic replacement of judges ensured that by 2026, no judge on the court could rule against the government without threatening their own position or that of a colleague appointed under Civil Contract. The Corruption that Pashinyan had promised to combat became embedded in the very institutions meant to constrain it.

Groong episodes that include this tag

Below are all Groong episodes tagged with Constitutional Court Standoff.

Arthur Martirosyan - After the Anger, What Next? | Ep 557, Jun 10, 2026 [EP557]

Posted on Thursday, Jun 11, 2026 | Category: Armenia, Politics | Series: cog, video

Guest(s):

Topics:

  • Contested results and thresholds
  • Pashinyan’s post-election crackdown
  • Western backing and interference
  • Russia’s delayed pressure campaign
  • Opposition choices after the vote

Episode 557 | Recorded: June 9, 2026

#ArmenianElections #Armenia #NikolPashinyan #CivilContract #StrongArmenia #ArmenianOpposition

Guest(s):

Topics:

  • Contested results and thresholds
  • Pashinyan’s post-election crackdown
  • Western backing and interference
  • Russia’s delayed pressure campaign
  • Opposition choices after the vote

Episode 557 | Recorded: June 9, 2026

#ArmenianElections #Armenia #NikolPashinyan #CivilContract #StrongArmenia #ArmenianOpposition

In this episode of Conversations on Groong, we speak with Arthur G. Martirosyan about Armenia’s contested 2026 Armenian Parliamentary Election and Pashinyan’s path to a third term. We discuss whether the vote was free and fair, how state pressure and Western backing shaped the outcome, the razor-thin thresholds that determine parliamentary representation, Pashinyan’s post-election crackdown against the Established Opposition, and what a Civil Contract supermajority would mean for Armenia’s governance and the Armenia-Azerbaijan Peace Process.

Guest:

Topics:

  • Return of Four Hostages
  • Pashinyan vs. Church
  • TRIPP
  • Armenia Parliamentary Election

Episode 507 | Recorded: January 16, 2026

#AnnaGrigoryan #Armenia #ArmenianPolitics #TRIPP #ArmenianChurch #POWs

Guest:

Topics:

  • Return of Four Hostages
  • Pashinyan vs. Church
  • TRIPP
  • Armenia Parliamentary Election

Episode 507 | Recorded: January 16, 2026

#AnnaGrigoryan #Armenia #ArmenianPolitics #TRIPP #ArmenianChurch #POWs

Guest:

Topics:

  • Freedom of Expression at Risk in Armenia
  • Vagharshapat Municipal Outcomes
  • Republican Party Election Strategy
  • Stand in Support of Independent Media and Journalism in Armenia

Episode 487 | Recorded: November 18, 2025

Guest:

Topics:

  • Freedom of Expression at Risk in Armenia
  • Vagharshapat Municipal Outcomes
  • Republican Party Election Strategy
  • Stand in Support of Independent Media and Journalism in Armenia

Episode 487 | Recorded: November 18, 2025

Guest:

Topics:

  • Constitutional Crisis In Georgia?
  • Western Reactions and Escalation
  • Russian Reactions and Georgia’s Strategic Direction
  • Unrest In Abkhazia

Episode 388 | Recorded: November 30, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Constitutional Crisis In Georgia?
  • Western Reactions and Escalation
  • Russian Reactions and Georgia’s Strategic Direction
  • Unrest In Abkhazia

Episode 388 | Recorded: November 30, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenia-Azerbaijan talks
  • COP29: Diplomacy and boycotts
  • Gyumri’s political intrigues
  • Mass dismissal of Armenian government members
  • Police “reform”
  • Legislative Changes In Preparation For Elections

Episode 386 | Recorded: November 17, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenia-Azerbaijan talks
  • COP29: Diplomacy and boycotts
  • Gyumri’s political intrigues
  • Mass dismissal of Armenian government members
  • Police “reform”
  • Legislative Changes In Preparation For Elections

Episode 386 | Recorded: November 17, 2024

Guest:

  • Anna Karapetyan Director of the Insight Analytical Center for Applied Policy and Research.

Topics:

  • Armenia at the BRICS Summit
  • Armenia Azerbaijan Talks
  • Armenia at COP29
  • European Parliament Resolution

Episode 379 | Recorded: October 29, 2024

Guest:

  • Anna Karapetyan Director of the Insight Analytical Center for Applied Policy and Research.

Topics:

  • Armenia at the BRICS Summit
  • Armenia Azerbaijan Talks
  • Armenia at COP29
  • European Parliament Resolution

Episode 379 | Recorded: October 29, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Azerbaijan Escalates Threats
  • Russia-Armenia Relations
  • Eat Rice, not Wheat, Have some Cold Winters!
  • Srbazan Movement Update
  • Regional Geopolitics
    • Iran-Russia
    • Israel-Iran
    • Georgian Elections

Episode 374 | Recorded: October 14, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Azerbaijan Escalates Threats
  • Russia-Armenia Relations
  • Eat Rice, not Wheat, Have some Cold Winters!
  • Srbazan Movement Update
  • Regional Geopolitics
    • Iran-Russia
    • Israel-Iran
    • Georgian Elections

Episode 374 | Recorded: October 14, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenian Azerbaijani Talks
  • Escalation in the Middle East
  • Constitutional Court Punts
  • Upcoming BRICS Summit

Episode 373 | Recorded: Octoberr 7, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenian Azerbaijani Talks
  • Escalation in the Middle East
  • Constitutional Court Punts
  • Upcoming BRICS Summit

Episode 373 | Recorded: Octoberr 7, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Tavush Protests Gain Momentum
  • Pashinyan Pressing Ahead with Land Concessions
  • Poll Results on Tavush Protests

Episode 371 | Recorded: September 30, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Tavush Protests Gain Momentum
  • Pashinyan Pressing Ahead with Land Concessions
  • Poll Results on Tavush Protests

Episode 371 | Recorded: September 30, 2024

Topics:

  • Report on Police Brutality on June 12 Rally
  • PACE Resolution on Armenia
  • Armenia’s High Pretrial Detention Rate
  • Spotlight on Political Prisoner: Avetik Chalabyan

Guest:

Episode 343 | Recorded: June 28, 2024

Topics:

  • Report on Police Brutality on June 12 Rally
  • PACE Resolution on Armenia
  • Armenia’s High Pretrial Detention Rate
  • Spotlight on Political Prisoner: Avetik Chalabyan

Guest:

Episode 343 | Recorded: June 28, 2024

Topics:

  • IRI Poll, December 2023
  • MPG Poll, February 2024

Guest:

Topics:

Episode 317 | Recorded: March 16, 2024

Topics:

  • IRI Poll, December 2023
  • MPG Poll, February 2024

Guest:

Topics:

Episode 317 | Recorded: March 16, 2024

Armenian News Network/Groong Week in Review - Feb 4, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Diplomatic Flurry
    • Raisi in Ankara
    • Raisi in Moscow
    • Putin in Ankara
  • Aliyev’s Constitution for Armenia
  • How can the Opposition become a consequential force?

Episode 306 | Recorded: February 3, 2024

Armenian News Network/Groong Week in Review - Feb 4, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Diplomatic Flurry
    • Raisi in Ankara
    • Raisi in Moscow
    • Putin in Ankara
  • Aliyev’s Constitution for Armenia
  • How can the Opposition become a consequential force?

Episode 306 | Recorded: February 3, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenia Azerbaijan Negotiations
  • Is Armenia Rearming itself?
  • Pashinyan and the Constitution

Episode 305 | Recorded: January 29, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Armenia Azerbaijan Negotiations
  • Is Armenia Rearming itself?
  • Pashinyan and the Constitution

Episode 305 | Recorded: January 29, 2024

Guest:

Topics:

  • Ruling Party Power Grabs
    • Why is Civil Contract so Adamant on Total Municipal Control
    • Political Prisoners
  • Early/Snap Elections?
  • Armenia’s Controlled Judiciary
  • About Yenokian’s new book: Ալտերնատիվ պատմություն Հայոց

Episode 298 | Recorded: December 13, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Ruling Party Power Grabs
    • Why is Civil Contract so Adamant on Total Municipal Control
    • Political Prisoners
  • Early/Snap Elections?
  • Armenia’s Controlled Judiciary
  • About Yenokian’s new book: Ալտերնատիվ պատմություն Հայոց

Episode 298 | Recorded: December 13, 2023

Artsakh Blockade Flash Update with Gev Iskajyan - Ep 274, August 19, 2023

Armenian News Network Groong - August 19, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Latest Developments around Artsakh
    • Kidnapping of People at Checkpoints
    • Cases of Starvation, Miscarriages
  • UNSC Discussion of Artsakh 
    • Lack of a Resolution and Follow-Through
    • Armenia’s Diplomatic Failures
  • New Artsakh parliament speaker David Ishkhanyan
  • Internet Stoppage, Food, Gas, Electricity Shortages
  • Continuing Azeri Aggression, troop movements and Buildup

Episode 274 | Recorded: August 19, 2023

Artsakh Blockade Flash Update with Gev Iskajyan - Ep 274, August 19, 2023

Armenian News Network Groong - August 19, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Latest Developments around Artsakh
    • Kidnapping of People at Checkpoints
    • Cases of Starvation, Miscarriages
  • UNSC Discussion of Artsakh 
    • Lack of a Resolution and Follow-Through
    • Armenia’s Diplomatic Failures
  • New Artsakh parliament speaker David Ishkhanyan
  • Internet Stoppage, Food, Gas, Electricity Shortages
  • Continuing Azeri Aggression, troop movements and Buildup

Episode 274 | Recorded: August 19, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Latest on Armenian Azerbaijani Negotiations
  • Economic State in Armenia
  • September Yerevan Mayoral Elections
  • Estimating the War Dead
  • Hayaqve [.am]

Episode 269 | Recorded: July 17, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Latest on Armenian Azerbaijani Negotiations
  • Economic State in Armenia
  • September Yerevan Mayoral Elections
  • Estimating the War Dead
  • Hayaqve [.am]

Episode 269 | Recorded: July 17, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Accelerated Negotiations
    • Negotiations Carousel
    • Meghri Railway
    • Russia Finances Rasht-Astara
    • Rallies in Artsakh and Kornidzor
  • Artsakh Domestic Politics

Episode 256 | Recorded: May 22, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Accelerated Negotiations
    • Negotiations Carousel
    • Meghri Railway
    • Russia Finances Rasht-Astara
    • Rallies in Artsakh and Kornidzor
  • Artsakh Domestic Politics

Episode 256 | Recorded: May 22, 2023

Guest:

Topic:

  • Azerbaijan Invades, Pashinyan “Explains”
  • Armenia at the Democracy Summit
  • Armenia and the Rome Statute
  • Iran FM in Moscow, Azeri FM in Israel

Episode 242 | Recorded: April 3, 2023

Guest:

Topic:

  • Azerbaijan Invades, Pashinyan “Explains”
  • Armenia at the Democracy Summit
  • Armenia and the Rome Statute
  • Iran FM in Moscow, Azeri FM in Israel

Episode 242 | Recorded: April 3, 2023

Guest:

Topic:

  • Azerbaijani Attacks over the Weekend
  • East and West
  • Armenia and the Rome Statute

Episode 241 | Recorded: March 26, 2023

Guest:

Topic:

  • Azerbaijani Attacks over the Weekend
  • East and West
  • Armenia and the Rome Statute

Episode 241 | Recorded: March 26, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Pashinyan’s Press Conference
  • Negotiating with Belligerent Azerbaijan
  • Mirzoyan in Moscow
  • Mayoral Politics in Yerevan

Episode 240 | Recorded: March 20, 2023

Guest:

Topics:

  • Pashinyan’s Press Conference
  • Negotiating with Belligerent Azerbaijan
  • Mirzoyan in Moscow
  • Mayoral Politics in Yerevan

Episode 240 | Recorded: March 20, 2023

Edgar Ghazaryan: Էդգար Ղազարյանը, Արցախում քաղաքական զարգացումների մասին | Ep 207 - Jan 17, 2023

Armenian News Network Groong - Jan 17, 2023

Guest/Հյուրը:

Topics:

Why should Ruben Vardanyan stay? Ինչու՞ պետք է Ռուբեն Վարդանյանը մնա

Episode 207 | Recorded: January 17, 2023

Edgar Ghazaryan: Էդգար Ղազարյանը, Արցախում քաղաքական զարգացումների մասին | Ep 207 - Jan 17, 2023

Armenian News Network Groong - Jan 17, 2023

Guest/Հյուրը:

Topics:

Why should Ruben Vardanyan stay? Ինչու՞ պետք է Ռուբեն Վարդանյանը մնա

Episode 207 | Recorded: January 17, 2023

ANN/Groong Week in Review - July 18, 2021

Topics:

  • Constitutional Court Decisions on Election Results
  • New Pashinyan Appointments
  • More Threats from Azerbaijan
  • Russian Generals in Yerevan Again

Guests:

  • Suren Sargsyan

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan
  • Asbed Bedrossian

Episode 79 | Recorded: July 19, 2021 https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210718.html

ANN/Groong Week in Review - July 18, 2021

Topics:

  • Constitutional Court Decisions on Election Results
  • New Pashinyan Appointments
  • More Threats from Azerbaijan
  • Russian Generals in Yerevan Again

Guests:

  • Suren Sargsyan

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan
  • Asbed Bedrossian

Episode 79 | Recorded: July 19, 2021 https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210718.html

ANN/Groong Week in Review - July 11, 2021

Topics:

  • Putin / Pashinyan meeting
  • Constitutional Court Challenge
  • Forging Steel out of Velvet
  • Groong Podcast’s Year-in-Review

Guests: Asbed Kotchikian

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan
  • Asbed Bedrossian

Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210711.html

Episode 78 | Recorded: July 11, 2021

ANN/Groong Week in Review - July 11, 2021

Topics:

  • Putin / Pashinyan meeting
  • Constitutional Court Challenge
  • Forging Steel out of Velvet
  • Groong Podcast’s Year-in-Review

Guests: Asbed Kotchikian

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan
  • Asbed Bedrossian

Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210711.html

Episode 78 | Recorded: July 11, 2021

Guest(s):

Former Artsakh Ombudsman Ruben Melikyan - 01/18/2021

We’ll be discussing various legal and human-rights topics within the context of recent developments in Armenia.

Guest:

  • Ruben Melikyan was formerly Artsakh’s Human Rights Ombudsman and prior to that rector of the Justice Academy of Armenia. In 2019, Melikyan co-founded and currently leads the “Path of Law” NGO.

Topics:

  • Why are there Armenian POWs still in Azerbaijan so long after the Nov. 9 ceasefire agreement?
  • On Constitutional Court judges being forced to resign
  • On Parliament’s endorsement of Gagik
 Read More

Guest(s):

Former Artsakh Ombudsman Ruben Melikyan - 01/18/2021

We’ll be discussing various legal and human-rights topics within the context of recent developments in Armenia.

Guest:

  • Ruben Melikyan was formerly Artsakh’s Human Rights Ombudsman and prior to that rector of the Justice Academy of Armenia. In 2019, Melikyan co-founded and currently leads the “Path of Law” NGO.

Topics:

  • Why are there Armenian POWs still in Azerbaijan so long after the Nov. 9 ceasefire agreement?
  • On Constitutional Court judges being forced to resign
  • On Parliament’s endorsement of Gagik
 Read More

Guest(s):

Conversation with Aram Vardevanyan - 01/13/2021

Since Nikol Pashinyan came to power in 2018, and prior to the Artsakh war of 2020, issues around the Armenian constitution and constitutional court have been in the center of public attention. These issues have been partly fueled by one of the most prominent legal cases in recent Armenian history, the March 1 trial against Armenian president Robert Kocharyan and military leadership at the time. We’ll explore issues surrounding the March 1 case, as well as legal and specifically constitutional questions related

 Read More

Guest(s):

Conversation with Aram Vardevanyan - 01/13/2021

Since Nikol Pashinyan came to power in 2018, and prior to the Artsakh war of 2020, issues around the Armenian constitution and constitutional court have been in the center of public attention. These issues have been partly fueled by one of the most prominent legal cases in recent Armenian history, the March 1 trial against Armenian president Robert Kocharyan and military leadership at the time. We’ll explore issues surrounding the March 1 case, as well as legal and specifically constitutional questions related

 Read More

Guest(s):

ANN/Groong Week in Review - 09/20/2020

Topics:

  • Constitutional Court Appointment
  • Armenia’s Growing National Debt
  • Calls for the Resignation of the Minister of Education
  • Escalated Tensions on the Armenian-Azerbaijan border
    • Armenian Soldier dies amidst escalation
    • Azerbaijan again slams negotiations, turns away Russian AWACS
  • Khodorkovsky Publishes New Dossier on Armenian & Azerbaijan
  • Bob Dole hired by Embassy of Armenia as a Lobbyist

Guests

  • Hrant Mikaelyan
  • Emil Sanamyan
  • Alen Zamanyan

Hosts

  • Asbed Bedrossian
  • Hovik Manucharyan
 Read More

Guest(s):

ANN/Groong Week in Review - 09/20/2020

Topics:

  • Constitutional Court Appointment
  • Armenia’s Growing National Debt
  • Calls for the Resignation of the Minister of Education
  • Escalated Tensions on the Armenian-Azerbaijan border
    • Armenian Soldier dies amidst escalation
    • Azerbaijan again slams negotiations, turns away Russian AWACS
  • Khodorkovsky Publishes New Dossier on Armenian & Azerbaijan
  • Bob Dole hired by Embassy of Armenia as a Lobbyist

Guests

  • Hrant Mikaelyan
  • Emil Sanamyan
  • Alen Zamanyan

Hosts

  • Asbed Bedrossian
  • Hovik Manucharyan
 Read More

ANN Groong Week in Review - 08/02/2020

Topics:

  • Living With Conflict #WordsNotSwords
  • Panel Discussion on Robert Kocharyan’s Interview
  • Lightning Round
    • The SIS Charges Arthur Danielyan
    • Nominees for the Constitutional Court
    • The PM’s Outlook on the State of the Pandemic
    • Staff Changes in the Diaspora High Commissioner’s Office

Guests

Resident panelists:

Episode 5 | Recorded ob August 2, 2020

ANN Groong Week in Review - 08/02/2020

Topics:

  • Living With Conflict #WordsNotSwords
  • Panel Discussion on Robert Kocharyan’s Interview
  • Lightning Round
    • The SIS Charges Arthur Danielyan
    • Nominees for the Constitutional Court
    • The PM’s Outlook on the State of the Pandemic
    • Staff Changes in the Diaspora High Commissioner’s Office

Guests

Resident panelists:

Episode 5 | Recorded ob August 2, 2020

ANN Groong Week in Review - 07/26/2020

Topics:

  • Panel: War roundup / Artsakh
  • Conversation: National Security Doctrine
  • Panel: National Security Doctrine

Guests

A Conversation with

Episode 4 | Recorded on July 26, 2020

ANN Groong Week in Review - 07/26/2020

Topics:

  • Panel: War roundup / Artsakh
  • Conversation: National Security Doctrine
  • Panel: National Security Doctrine

Guests

A Conversation with

Episode 4 | Recorded on July 26, 2020

ANN/Groong Week in Review - 07/12/2020

Topics:

  • The Constitutional Court Standoff Continues in Limbo
  • Polls, and what you should know about them
  • The Armenian Government’s response to COVID-19
  • The State of Armenian Media: Media Freedoms During Covid

Guests:

Episode 1 | Recorded on July 12, 2020

ANN/Groong Week in Review - 07/12/2020

Topics:

  • The Constitutional Court Standoff Continues in Limbo
  • Polls, and what you should know about them
  • The Armenian Government’s response to COVID-19
  • The State of Armenian Media: Media Freedoms During Covid

Guests:

Episode 1 | Recorded on July 12, 2020