BRICS

BRICS is a bloc of major emerging economies — originally Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa — that has expanded in recent years to include additional members and has increasingly positioned itself as an alternative to Western-dominated multilateral institutions. Its summits, trade frameworks, and proposals for a non-dollar settlement currency have made it a focal point of discussion among states seeking to hedge against Western economic and political pressure.

For Armenia, BRICS has emerged as a topic of debate in the context of the country’s foreign policy realignment. Some Armenian political forces argue that BRICS membership or association could provide economic alternatives to both Russian dependency and the conditions attached to Western integration. Others argue that associating with a Russia- and China-led bloc would undermine Armenia’s aspirations for EU alignment and deepen its entanglement with a sanctions-ridden Russian economy.

Groong covers BRICS in the context of Armenian foreign policy choices, the competing global connectivity frameworks being promoted in the South Caucasus, and the broader question of whether Armenia can pursue meaningful economic diversification outside the Western orbit.