44-Day War
Last updated: May 29, 2026
The 44-Day War — Azerbaijan’s large-scale military offensive against Nagorno Karabakh that began on September 27, 2020 and ended with a ceasefire agreement on November 10 — was a turning point in the South Caucasus that Groong has covered extensively across more than 80 episodes. The war brought a violent resolution to a conflict rooted in the Armenians of Artsakh’s exercise of their right to self-determination — their decades-long effort to secure independence and international recognition of their right to determine their own political future.
Azerbaijan, with direct military support from Turkey and the use of Israeli-supplied weapons and Turkish Bayraktar drones, retook most of the territory it had lost in the first Karabakh war of the 1990s, including the strategically significant city of Shusha. Approximately 6,000 Armenian soldiers were killed. The ceasefire, brokered by Russia, introduced Russian peacekeepers to the remaining Armenian-inhabited areas of Nagorno Karabakh (Artsakh) and created the conditions that would eventually lead to the 2022–2023 Lachin corridor blockade and the final Azerbaijani offensive of September 2023 — which resulted in the ethnic cleansing of the entire Armenian population of Artsakh.
Groong’s coverage of the 44-Day War includes military analysis, diplomatic history, the role of Turkey and Russia, the domestic political fallout in Armenia, and its long-term consequences for the region.
Groong episodes that include this tag
Below are all Groong episodes tagged with 44-Day War.
ARF-Dashnaktsutyun: Roadmap & Challenges - Conversation with Giro Manoyan | (Ep #69) - June 11, 2021 [EP69]
Posted on Friday, Jun 11, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Artsakh, Russia, Turkey, Armenian Church, Economy, Iran, Lebanon, Middle East, Nagorno Karabakh, NATO | Series: cog
ARF-Dashnaktsutyun: Roadmap and Challenges
Guest
- Giro Manoyan has been a member of the ARF-D Bureau since 2015. Originally from Beirut, Lebanon, he moved to Montreal, Canada in 1976. He has served as the Executive Secretary of the Armenian National Committee of Canada, as well as the Editor in Chief of the Horizon Armenian Weekly. In 1999 he moved to Yerevan and has served as the Executive Director of the Bureau of the ARF-D, in charge of the Armenian Cause, Hai Tahd Central Committee.
Topics
- The ARF in the Politics of Armenia
- On the War in 2020
- On the Upcoming Elections in 2021
- On the
ARF-Dashnaktsutyun: Roadmap & Challenges - Conversation with Giro Manoyan | (Ep #69) - June 11, 2021 [EP69]
Posted on Friday, Jun 11, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Artsakh, Russia, Turkey, Armenian Church, Economy, Iran, Lebanon, Middle East, Nagorno Karabakh, NATOARF-Dashnaktsutyun: Roadmap and Challenges
Guest
- Giro Manoyan has been a member of the ARF-D Bureau since 2015. Originally from Beirut, Lebanon, he moved to Montreal, Canada in 1976. He has served as the Executive Secretary of the Armenian National Committee of Canada, as well as the Editor in Chief of the Horizon Armenian Weekly. In 1999 he moved to Yerevan and has served as the Executive Director of the Bureau of the ARF-D, in charge of the Armenian Cause, Hai Tahd Central Committee.
Topics
- The ARF in the Politics of Armenia
- On the War in 2020
- On the Upcoming Elections in 2021
- On the
Iran: Foreign Relations, Upcoming Elections (Ep. 67) - 06/07/2021 [EP67]
Posted on Monday, Jun 7, 2021 | Category: Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, China, Israel, Middle East, Syria, Artsakh, Georgia, Turkey, Nagorno Karabakh | Series: cog
Guest(s):
Iran: Foreign Relations and Upcoming Elections A Conversation with Robert Markarian
The South Caucasus comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The three regional powers surrounding them are Russia to the north, Turkey to the west, and Iran in the south.
Iran has been largely quiet about events on its northern border with Armenia and Azerbaijan, due largely to its marginalization on the world stage because of the Western economic sanctions but also because Iran is home to millions of ethnic Azeris and any perceived support for Armenia could result in additional
Read MoreIran: Foreign Relations, Upcoming Elections (Ep. 67) - 06/07/2021 [EP67]
Posted on Monday, Jun 7, 2021 | Category: Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, China, Israel, Middle East, Syria, Artsakh, Georgia, Turkey, Nagorno KarabakhGuest(s):
Iran: Foreign Relations and Upcoming Elections A Conversation with Robert Markarian
The South Caucasus comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The three regional powers surrounding them are Russia to the north, Turkey to the west, and Iran in the south.
Iran has been largely quiet about events on its northern border with Armenia and Azerbaijan, due largely to its marginalization on the world stage because of the Western economic sanctions but also because Iran is home to millions of ethnic Azeris and any perceived support for Armenia could result in additional
Read MoreSupreme Judicial Council | Turk-Azerbaijani Military Exercises in Kars | Blinken on Armenia (Ep #45) [EP45]
Posted on Monday, Jan 25, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, Iran, Genocide, Syria, Artsakh, Armenian Genocide, Israel, Nagorno Karabakh, NATO | Series: wir
Guest(s):
ANN/Groong Week in Review - Jan 24, 2021
Topics Covered:
- Supreme Judicial Council Appointments
- Turkish-Azerbaijan Military Exercises in Kars Region
- Incoming US Secretary of State Tony Blinken on Armenia
Guests
- Aram Hamparian
- Asbed Kotchikian
- Emil Sanamyan
Your Hosts:
- Asbed Bedrossian
- Hovik Manucharyan
Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210124.html Episode 45 | Recorded on January 24, 2021
Supreme Judicial Council | Turk-Azerbaijani Military Exercises in Kars | Blinken on Armenia (Ep #45) [EP45]
Posted on Monday, Jan 25, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, Iran, Genocide, Syria, Artsakh, Armenian Genocide, Israel, Nagorno Karabakh, NATOGuest(s):
ANN/Groong Week in Review - Jan 24, 2021
Topics Covered:
- Supreme Judicial Council Appointments
- Turkish-Azerbaijan Military Exercises in Kars Region
- Incoming US Secretary of State Tony Blinken on Armenia
Guests
- Aram Hamparian
- Asbed Kotchikian
- Emil Sanamyan
Your Hosts:
- Asbed Bedrossian
- Hovik Manucharyan
Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210124.html Episode 45 | Recorded on January 24, 2021
Armen Ashotyan - Opposition Talks | Ep 44, Jan 19, 2021 [EP44]
Posted on Tuesday, Jan 19, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Politics, Artsakh, Nagorno Karabakh, Armenian Genocide, Azerbaijan, Russia, China, European Union, Genocide, Geopolitics, Turkey | Series: cog
Groong Links:
Guest:
- Armen Ashotyan , MP, VP Republican Party of Armenia (HHK)
Topics:
- What took place in 2018?
- Why did RPA support Vazgen Manukyan as PM candidate?
- Nov. 9/10 ceasefire agreement & Jan 11 statement
- Is the RPA truly serious about removing Pashinyan? Why hasnât the opposition mobilized more people onto the streets?
- Lessons learned from Dec. 2018 elections.
Episode 44 | Recorded on January 17, 2021
Armen Ashotyan - Opposition Talks | Ep 44, Jan 19, 2021 [EP44]
Posted on Tuesday, Jan 19, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Politics, Artsakh, Nagorno Karabakh, Armenian Genocide, Azerbaijan, Russia, China, European Union, Genocide, Geopolitics, TurkeyGroong Links:
Guest:
- Armen Ashotyan , MP, VP Republican Party of Armenia (HHK)
Topics:
- What took place in 2018?
- Why did RPA support Vazgen Manukyan as PM candidate?
- Nov. 9/10 ceasefire agreement & Jan 11 statement
- Is the RPA truly serious about removing Pashinyan? Why hasnât the opposition mobilized more people onto the streets?
- Lessons learned from Dec. 2018 elections.
Episode 44 | Recorded on January 17, 2021
Former Artsakh Ombudsman Ruben Melikyan (Ep #42) - 01/18/2021 [EP42]
Posted on Monday, Jan 18, 2021 | Category: Nagorno Karabakh, Artsakh, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Human Rights, Iran, Ukraine, Israel, Syria, Russia | Series: cog
Guest(s):
Former Artsakh Ombudsman Ruben Melikyan - 01/18/2021
Weâll be discussing various legal and human-rights topics within the context of recent developments in Armenia.
Guest:
- Ruben Melikyan was formerly Artsakhâs Human Rights Ombudsman and prior to that rector of the Justice Academy of Armenia. In 2019, Melikyan co-founded and currently leads the âPath of Lawâ NGO.
Topics:
- Why are there Armenian POWs still in Azerbaijan so long after the Nov. 9 ceasefire agreement?
- On Constitutional Court judges being forced to resign
- On Parliamentâs endorsement of Gagik