44-Day War

Last updated: May 29, 2026

The 44-Day War — Azerbaijan’s large-scale military offensive against Nagorno Karabakh that began on September 27, 2020 and ended with a ceasefire agreement on November 10 — was a turning point in the South Caucasus that Groong has covered extensively across more than 80 episodes. The war brought a violent resolution to a conflict rooted in the Armenians of Artsakh’s exercise of their right to self-determination — their decades-long effort to secure independence and international recognition of their right to determine their own political future.

Azerbaijan, with direct military support from Turkey and the use of Israeli-supplied weapons and Turkish Bayraktar drones, retook most of the territory it had lost in the first Karabakh war of the 1990s, including the strategically significant city of Shusha. Approximately 6,000 Armenian soldiers were killed. The ceasefire, brokered by Russia, introduced Russian peacekeepers to the remaining Armenian-inhabited areas of Nagorno Karabakh (Artsakh) and created the conditions that would eventually lead to the 2022–2023 Lachin corridor blockade and the final Azerbaijani offensive of September 2023 — which resulted in the ethnic cleansing of the entire Armenian population of Artsakh.

Groong’s coverage of the 44-Day War includes military analysis, diplomatic history, the role of Turkey and Russia, the domestic political fallout in Armenia, and its long-term consequences for the region.

Groong episodes that include this tag

Below are all Groong episodes tagged with 44-Day War.

Armenia's Borders in Maps - A Conversation with Rouben Galichian | Ep 95 - Oct 29, 2021 [EP95]

Posted on Friday, Oct 29, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Artsakh, Azerbaijan, History, Maps, Nagorno Karabakh, Iran, Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Genocide, NATO, Syria | Series: cog, video

Armenia’s Borders in Maps - A Conversation with Rouben Galichian | Ep 95 - Oct 29, 2021

Guest:

Topics:

  • Following the 44-day War in Artsakh, Azerbaijan’s president demands Armenia sign a “Peace Treaty” involving full border recognition.
  • Historical and contemporary mapping of Armenian borders
  • Early cartography and 20th-century developments
  • Enclaves, the Goris-Kapan Highway, and Sev Lake
  • Armenia-Iran border considerations

Episode 95 | Recorded: October 29, 2021

Armenia's Borders in Maps - A Conversation with Rouben Galichian | Ep 95 - Oct 29, 2021 [EP95]

Posted on Friday, Oct 29, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Artsakh, Azerbaijan, History, Maps, Nagorno Karabakh, Iran, Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Genocide, NATO, Syria

Armenia’s Borders in Maps - A Conversation with Rouben Galichian | Ep 95 - Oct 29, 2021

Guest:

Topics:

  • Following the 44-day War in Artsakh, Azerbaijan’s president demands Armenia sign a “Peace Treaty” involving full border recognition.
  • Historical and contemporary mapping of Armenian borders
  • Early cartography and 20th-century developments
  • Enclaves, the Goris-Kapan Highway, and Sev Lake
  • Armenia-Iran border considerations

Episode 95 | Recorded: October 29, 2021

“Positive Messages” | Street Rallies | Election Setbacks | Siradeghyan Dies | Ep #94 - Oct 24, 2021 [EP94]

Posted on Monday, Oct 25, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Artsakh, Iran, Human Rights, Georgia, Turkey, China, Nagorno Karabakh | Series: wir

ANN/Groong Week in Review - October 24, 2021

Topics:

  • Yerevan’s “Positive Messages”
  • Opposition Going Back to Street Rallies?
  • Ruling Party Setbacks in Local Elections
  • Vano Siradeghyan Dies

Guests:

  • Tevan Poghosyan TW/@TevanPoghosyan

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan TW/@HovikYerevan
  • Asbed Bedrossian TW/@qubriq

Episode 94 | Recorded: October 25, 2021 Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20211024.html

“Positive Messages” | Street Rallies | Election Setbacks | Siradeghyan Dies | Ep #94 - Oct 24, 2021 [EP94]

Posted on Monday, Oct 25, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Artsakh, Iran, Human Rights, Georgia, Turkey, China, Nagorno Karabakh

ANN/Groong Week in Review - October 24, 2021

Topics:

  • Yerevan’s “Positive Messages”
  • Opposition Going Back to Street Rallies?
  • Ruling Party Setbacks in Local Elections
  • Vano Siradeghyan Dies

Guests:

  • Tevan Poghosyan TW/@TevanPoghosyan

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Hovik Manucharyan TW/@HovikYerevan
  • Asbed Bedrossian TW/@qubriq

Episode 94 | Recorded: October 25, 2021 Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20211024.html

Armenia’s Diplomacy and Corridors Politics | Ep. 93 - Oct 19, 2021 [EP93]

Posted on Tuesday, Oct 19, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Artsakh, Azerbaijan, Nagorno Karabakh, Iran, Turkey, Economy, India, Russia, Georgia, China, Syria | Series: cog

Armenia’s Diplomacy and Corridor Politics

Topics:

  • In the past month a flurry of diplomatic activity has risen around Armenia. The top diplomats from neighboring countries, regional and global powers have met with Armenia’s top leadership to discuss the shifting geopolitics reshaping the South Caucasus politically and economically for the coming decades. How is Armenia’s diplomacy navigating the “Corridor Politics” and what are the prospects for a peaceful neighborhood?

Guest:

Episode 93 | Recorded: October 18, 2021

Armenia’s Diplomacy and Corridors Politics | Ep. 93 - Oct 19, 2021 [EP93]

Posted on Tuesday, Oct 19, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Artsakh, Azerbaijan, Nagorno Karabakh, Iran, Turkey, Economy, India, Russia, Georgia, China, Syria

Armenia’s Diplomacy and Corridor Politics

Topics:

  • In the past month a flurry of diplomatic activity has risen around Armenia. The top diplomats from neighboring countries, regional and global powers have met with Armenia’s top leadership to discuss the shifting geopolitics reshaping the South Caucasus politically and economically for the coming decades. How is Armenia’s diplomacy navigating the “Corridor Politics” and what are the prospects for a peaceful neighborhood?

Guest:

Episode 93 | Recorded: October 18, 2021

Syunik Blocked and Unblocked | 5-Year Plan Approved | Parliamentary Dynamics | Ep #87 - Aug 29, 2021 [EP87]

Posted on Sunday, Aug 29, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Russia, Turkey, Artsakh, Economy, Georgia, Israel, Middle East, Nagorno Karabakh, European Union, NATO | Series: wir

ANN/Groong Week in Review - August 29, 2021

Topics:

  • Road to Syunik Blocked and Unblocked
  • 5-Year Plan Approved
  • Parliamentary Dynamics

Guests:

  • Benyamin Poghosyan / TW @Benyamin_Poghos

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Asbed Bedrossian / TW @qubriq

Episode 87 | Recorded: August 29, 2021 Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210829.html

Syunik Blocked and Unblocked | 5-Year Plan Approved | Parliamentary Dynamics | Ep #87 - Aug 29, 2021 [EP87]

Posted on Sunday, Aug 29, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Russia, Turkey, Artsakh, Economy, Georgia, Israel, Middle East, Nagorno Karabakh, European Union, NATO

ANN/Groong Week in Review - August 29, 2021

Topics:

  • Road to Syunik Blocked and Unblocked
  • 5-Year Plan Approved
  • Parliamentary Dynamics

Guests:

  • Benyamin Poghosyan / TW @Benyamin_Poghos

Guest(s):

Hosts:

  • Asbed Bedrossian / TW @qubriq

Episode 87 | Recorded: August 29, 2021 Website: https://groong.org/podcasts/WiR-20210829.html

Calls for a Commission to Analyze the Defeat in the 2020 Artsakh War | Ep. #82 - July 31, 2021 [EP82]

Posted on Saturday, Jul 31, 2021 | Category: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Israel, Artsakh, Turkey, Economy, Geopolitics, Nagorno Karabakh, NATO | Series: cog

Calls for a Commission to Analyze the Defeat in the 2020 Artsakh War

A Conversation with Dr. Simon Saradzhyan, Arthur G. Martirosyan, and Tevan Poghosyan

The disastrous outcome of the 2020 War in Artsakh has left Armenians in Armenia and around the world with many unanswered questions. Many long-time held beliefs about the capability of Armenia to defend Artsakh, and Armenia itself, were shattered on November 9, with the signing of the trilateral ceasefire statement.

A group of more than 10 academics and researchers recently published a lengthy set of questions that are proposed as a basis for

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